Category: Ritual Manuals

This is an ancient ritual instruction preserved in a 3rd century ritual manual written in Greek and found in Egypt. Today the scroll is cut…

View More The Divine Assistant of Pnouthis, the Sacred Scribe (PGM I, 42-105)

This is a ritual instruction preserved in the Egyptian Ritual Manual PDM XII, 62-75 (PDM = Papyri Demoticae Magicae – Demotic Magical Papyri), dated to…

View More Ancient Egyptian Spell for Separation

This is the first page of the ritual manual with the beginning of the invocation. “O God, O Lord, O Lord, O Omnipotent, whose body…

View More “O Omnipotent, whose body is the color of fire”

Only a small fragment of this papyrus scroll is preserved, measuring 16 × 10.5 cm. It is debated among scholars if the content was understood…

View More PGM CXI – The Earliest Known Greek Magical Papyrus?

4th-6th century, Egypt, single page size ca. 12.4 x 10.5 cm This ancient magico-medical book originally consisted of eight leaves of which the first is…

View More The Magico-Medical Codex „Ms. 136“

Michigan Ms. 136, vellum, 4th-6th century, Egypt The seven Greek vowels played an important role in Graeco-Egyptian ritual magic. They were understood as higher powers…

View More Amulet for Stomach Pain and Headache

Making statuettes as dwellings of higher powers is well attested in the Greek Magical Papyri. The contexts are diverse but the statuettes are most often…

View More Animated Statuettes