Ritual Instruction – The Archaeology of Ancient Magic

Small fragment to the left: PGM LXXII = P.Oslo III 75 (inv. 365), © Papyrus Collection Oslo University (Papyri Osloenses) (Norway). Larger papyrus to the right: PGM LVII: P.Mich.inv. 534, recto, University of Michigan Library, Papyrus Collection (USA) (Public Domain)

The Meaning of Threatening Higher Powers in Graeco-Egyptian Magic

In last sunday’s lecture we discussed the partially destroyed Bear Ritual in the encrypted Greek ritual manual “PGM LVII / LXXII” (ca. late first to…

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